Engine power train controls
Engine/powertrain controls for
HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle)
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This is a guideline for the students of
Mechanical Engineering and Electrical Engineering.
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Top 3 things to know are Model-Based development
and simulation, HEV architecture (related to control systems) and Powertrain controls
(related to control systems.)
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Model-based development is the method of software development similar as of mathematical models (Just like flow charts)
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Its practical use is in simulation,
modelling related to physics (development of vehicle), and development and
analyzing the complex control systems.
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Model-based development is important for the
control systems.
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Example of model-based development: - The time
required for the engine to reach from 0-60mph? Longitudinal vehicle dynamics (LVD)
model and performance parameter (Speed Load Map) (forces required for the
engine) is required. In the end, simulation of all three parameters is required
to find out the answer. For the calculation of all three, it will take time
in a manual way. Hence the model-based development is required.
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Model-based development is used in the ABS
system.
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Knowledge of Longitudinal Vehicle Dynamics
is required to create the LVD model for various purposes.
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WOT and drive cycle performance is
calculated by simulation of the engine with various performance models.
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Later, the same LVD models are used to calculate
the performance of 3 different hybrid structures.
· Vehicle which has two or more energy
conversion technologies having combination with one or more energy units is
Hybrid Electric Vehicle.
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Vehicles having the IC engine and Electric motor
are the common type of HEV.
Limitation of I.C Engine:
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They are the cause of the highest pollution.
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There use fossil fuels.
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No other alternative fuel is available for
IC Engine vehicles.
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Low peak efficiency (36% of Petrol Engine
and 45% of Diesel Engine)
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Lots of energy is wasting in the braking
system.
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Performance limitation (Engines torque at
zero speed is zero. Other hand electric motors provide maximum torque when the engine speed is zero). The vehicle is required with the highest attractive force at
zero speed.
Advantages
of Hybrid Electric Vehicle
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Highest efficiency
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Regenerative braking (Energy required for
braking is stored in the electric battery)
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It provides the highest performance (Electric drive
can provide the traction when the vehicle is not running)
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Controls the emission.
