IP Basics

Copyright is a unique kind of intellectual property. The right which a person acquires in a work, which is a result of his intellectual labour, is called as the copyright. The function of the copyright law is to protect the fruits of a man’s work, labour, skill or test from being taken away by the other person.

The work copies according to the black’s law of dictionary is a transcript, imitation and reproduction of the original writing, painting, instrument or something like that.

Copyright is a literary property which is been recognized by the positive law. An incorporeal right is been granted to the author or originator of certain literary or artistic production whereby he is been invested for the specific time with the sole privilege of multiplying copies of the same and publishing and selling them.

Copyright is some form which is been recognized in ancient times. The Roman law adjudged that if one man wrote anything on the paper or parchment of another, the writing should belong to the owner of the blank material.

The statutory definition of copyright is the exclusive rights to do or authorize others to do certain acts in relation to: -

1.     Musical work

2.     Dramatic work

3.     Literary work

4.     Writing work

5.     Artist work

6.     Cinematographic film

7.     Sound recording

Section 14 of the Copyright Act, 1957 defines the copyright as the above

Following are the characteristics of the copyright

1.     Creation of the Statute

2.     Some form of intellectual property

3.     Monopoly right

4.     Negative Right

5.     Multiple Right

6.     Copyright only in the form not in the idea

7.     Neighbouring rights

Creation of the statute

Copyright creation of the specific statute under the present law. There is no such anything as common-law copyright. No copyright can exist in any work except as provided as in the section 16

Some form of the intellectual right

A copyright is a form of intellectual property since the product over which right is granted ex. Literary work is the result of an investment of intellectual.

Monopoly Right

Copyright is a monopoly right restraining the others from exercising the right which has been given to the owner of the copyright

Negative right

It gives the right to prevent others from copying or reproducing the work

Object of copyright

The main object of the copyright is to encourage authors, composers and the artist people to create the original work by rewarding them with the exclusive right for the specific period to reproduce the works for publishing and selling the work to the public and others

The foundation of the Indian Copyright Law is based on the Eighth Commandment. The basic objective of the Indian Copyright is to protect the man’s skill, labour and artistic work.

Multiple Rights

Copyright is not a single right. It consists of a bunch of different rights in the same work. For the example in the case of the literary work, copyright consists of the right of reproduction in the hardback and paperback editions, the right of serial publication in the newspaper and the magazines, the right of dramatic and cinematographic versions, the right of the translations and adaptations.

Neighbouring Rights

Copyright consists not only the mere rights of reproduction. It also consists of the right to works derived from the original works. Ex. Right of public performance, recording rights and broadcasting rights.

(To be continued…)

©

Kaushik

Automobile Basics- Part 1

Worlds first three-wheeler automobile with Otto cycle petrol engine was built by Karl Benz somewhere around 1886 in Germany. It was granted a patent in 1887. During the same time another team from Germany Gattlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach built and patented the first motorcycle.

The accelerator was invented by the Benz for the speed regulation along with the battery ignition system, spark plug, clutch, gear shift and the radiator for the engine cooling. With the improvements, he started with the production of the automobile somewhere around 1888. During 1894-95 first four-wheeled automobile was introduced by him of his own design.

After that Daimler and the Maybach also produced around thirty vehicles during 1890-1895 at the Daimler works and the Hotel Hermann. During the year 1927, the companies of Benz and Daimler united under the name of Daimler-Benz.

Production of the automobiles in France was started by the Emile Levassor and Armond Peugeot using the same Daimler engines in 1890. The first American Car was launched during 1877 by the George Baldwin. Large scale production of the automobiles begin in 1902 and it was expanded by the Henry Ford.

Components of the automobile:-

1.     Basic Structure

2.     Power Plant

3.     Transmission System

4.     The auxiliaries

5.     The controls

6.     Superstructure

Basic Structure

It consists of the following things

o   Frame

o   Suspension system

o   Axles

o   Wheels

o   Tyres

Frame

There are two forms of the frame.

1.Conventional pressed steel frame.

2.Integral or frameless construction.

Frameless construction is only possible only in the case of the closed cars since the roof, screen, pillars, door pillars are essential load-taking parts.

It too has some advantages.

1.     It reduces the weight and fuel consumption.

2.     It lowers manufacturing costs.

3.  During the collision of the vehicles, it absorbs the shock due to the impact and it provides safety to the passengers.

Disadvantages

1.     Reduction of strength

2.     Reduces durability

3.     It is affordable only if the frameless construction is used in the mass production

4.      It increases the maintenance and repair costs

Suspension System:-

1.     It prevents from the road shocks

2.     It increases the stability of the vehicle

3.     There are 2 types of the suspension system

4.     First one is the conventional system in which the road springs are attached to the rigid beam axle

5.     The second one is an independent system in which there is no rigid axle beam and each wheel is free to move vertically without any reaction

Axles

There are three types of liver axles

1.     Fully floating type

2.     Three quarter floating type

3.     Semi-floating type

Wheels

 Wire-spoked wheels have been used mainly on the sports car, primarily on account of their lightweight and quickness in changing the wheel.

Engine

The engine provides the motive power for all the various functions which the vehicle or any part may be called to perform

Transmission system

It consists of the following

1.     Clutch

2.     Gear Box

3.     Propeller shaft

Propeller shaft transmits the torque output from the gearbox to the rear axle

The function of the transmission system

1.     It disconnects the engine from the road wheels when desired.

2.      It connects the engine to the driving wheels without shock.

3.      It reduces the engine speed in the fixed ratio

4.      It helps the drive to turn in the right angle

( to be continued….)

©

Kaushik

Film Review:- Taal

Film Review:- Taal

Producer:- Subhash Ghai

Written by:- Subhash Ghai, Javed Siddiqui

Directed by:- Subhash Ghai

Starcast:-   Akshay Khanna

                  Anil Kapoor

                  Aishwarya Rai

                  Amrish Puri

                  Alok Nath

Music:- A.R.Rahman

Production Company:- Mukta Arts

Story:- Story begins with the beautiful locations of Chamba. A wealthy and reach family arrive at the Chamba for the Vacation for a while. In the Chamba, they meet spiritual Singer Tara Babu( Alok Nath) and her beautiful girl Manasi ( Aishwarya Rai). Owner of the reach family Mr.Jagmohan( Amrish Puri) get to know the Alok Nath and his girl. He is impressed by his simple and straight forward attitude and his singing. He gets well known to Tara Babus Family. Eventually Manav( Akshay Khanna) and Manasi ( Aishwarya Rai) get to know each other. Manav is too impressed with the Manasi. Eventually, during the vacation, they keep on meeting each other and with the time they fall in love.

After the vacation, Manav comes back with his father to Mumbai. As he is back he informs his father about his plans of marriage with the Manasi. Manav's father rejects his proposal as the family status of Tara Babu doesn’t match with his family status. Yet he remains co-ordeal with the Tarababu.

After a while, Tarababu along with Manasi comes to the Mumbai. Being a person from a small village he gets fascinated with the culture of Mumbai. He visits the house of the Jagmohan. But this time they face the real practical situation of the world. They are made to wait for hours just because of their status. This creates a rift between the richest family of Jagmohan( Amrish Puri) and Tara Babu( Alok Nath). With the growing rift, Alok leaves the house of Jagmohan with the Manasi after being humiliated for the hours. As soon as they leave they meet a musician Vikrant( Anil Kapoor) in the Mumbai who is a successful musician. He is busy in making remix songs of  Tara Babu. This man changes the entire life of Manasi and Tara Babu

This is the other musical Epic by Showman Subhash Ghai. This movie had changed the entire musical grammar of Bollywood. Everything was perfect at its place. In the time of 1998-99, when the film called Satya and Kuch Kuch Hota hai had released with the solid opening, this the film was classic and it stood rock solid on the box office.

Subhash Ghai:- He is my one of favourite. He teaches one big lesson. Dream big…Live Big…Think big…No one could have handled better the climax, romance and the complexity in the characters of the Manav, Manasi and Vikrant.

Akshay Khanna:- He is fantastic. He plays the role of richest man's son but yet he is away from all those deeds of the rich people's sons do. He teaches the fact that you can have a co-ordeal friendship even with a man who doesn’t match up with your standards.

Aishwarya Rai:- This one is her best performance. Being a simple girl from the Chamba staying under her Fathers rules to the self-made modern girl making her world on her rules is much pleasure to watch. Her dance…her eyes…her acting…everything is perfect.

Anil Kapoor:- He plays the role of Vikrant who is successful in Music Business. He plays a key role in changing the life of Manav and Manasi which is played by him in much fascinating way.

Amrish Puri:- Genius

In the end, the film is all about magician A.R.Rahman..and his music. All the songs 'Ramta Jogi' 'Taal se Taal Mila''Ni main samaj Gayi' and the background music…is pure almighty blessed.Anyone eager to learn the music…I suggest be the hard-core follower of 'A.R.R.'

His music makes you forget yourself and make you love yourself and dance on his musical 'Taal Se Taal Mila' tunes.

Such movies happen once in a life.

Don’t miss

9 stars

#Say no to piracy#

#Watch movies in the Theatre only#

©

Kaushik Shrotri

ISO 9001:2015

Many times your life gives you the unexpected surprises at unexpected times. Such a surprise was witnessed by me in June-2018. In the busy schedule of hardcore Mechanical Engineering Industry of Machining one of my well-wisher suggested me to do Lead Auditor Programme of ISO 9001:2015 from TUV-SUD Pune. He suggested me since I am working as a Supplier Quality Engineer. Without much more questions I decided to go for ISO course. Sometimes you have to stop much questioning and without much hesitation, in the mind, you have to face the upcoming days. Luckily I got leave of 10 days from my office. So I packed my bags and I started travelling towards Pune. Pune is always my favourite place. My course was scheduled for 5 days from 9.00 A.M-6.30P.M. I had arrived in Pune one day earlier for Course.

Next day I got up early from Bed for the first day of Lead Auditor Training. Luckily it was located in the Aundh nearer from my room. I left my room and I had to reach to TUV-SUD office at 9.00 A.M. I reached office at 8.59 A.M. I was thrilled to witness the class office of TUV. I have no words to describe TUV SUD office from Aundh Pune. At the reception, I entered my name and I had to go in a hurry in the Seminar Hall of Training.

In Seminar Hall I took my seat. As soon as I took my seat, I witnessed the atmosphere. There were 8 participants. Many of them were experienced Quality Engineers and Management Representatives. I was noticing each participant. All of them were from well versed MNC with 40+ ages. I was slightly saddened since there was no one of my age 28. Suddenly I noticed one girl who was sitting in the corner of the hall with wide eyes, large eyebrows, and 5 feet 6 inches with a Tattoo on the hand. I assumed that she might be a typical Pune girl with the attitude. Her eyes were much bigger. I noticed much attitude in her eyes as she was lost many times in her world. But she proved me wrong. She was well-versed in English, a highly decent and confident engineer  from Belgaum. Later during 5 days of training, we became good friends. Even she helped me in many things. Finally, I noticed the man who was going to give us Training. He reminded me of the Virus from 3 idiot’s movie with roaring and terrible eyes, fake smile, white hairs, expanded the stomach and large spectacles and much more fluent UK English. We began to introduce each other during the first day itself. I Imagined I will be sturred in the 5 days. But all the participants and this Virus guy proved me wrong. He later began with the introduction of ISO basics and the PDCA cycle and we were thrilled to listen to his teachings and experiences.

This 5 days proved crucial to me. They almost sturred and changed me. They removed my group fear and many more things. I got the overview and the importance of all the PDCA cycle and the style of the ISO audit which is been conducted in the Industries with finally passed certificate of LA-ISO 9001-2015.

I am presenting the overview of ISO 2015. I hope It will prove beneficial to everyone.

ISO 9001:2015

Shall-Requirement/Necessary/Compulsory

Should-Recommend

May- Permission

Can-Possibility

4.0 Context of Organization

·     4.1 Understanding the organization and its context

·        Organization shall determine external and internal issues that are relevant to its purpose and that affect the ability to achieve the Quality Management System.

·        This review shall be monitored.

·        Issues can be positive and negative.

·        External issues can be arising from legal, technological, competitive, social and economic environment.

·        Internal issues can be issues related to values, culture, knowledge and performance of the organization.

·     4.2 Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties

·        Interested parties are all outside suppliers which include customers, vendors, equipment suppliers to the organization.

·        Organization shall determine their needs and expectations that are relevant to the QMS.

·        Organization shall monitor and review information about these parties.

·   4.3 Determine the scope of the quality management system

·  Organization shall determine boundaries and application of QMS

·  Here the organization shall consider clause 4.1 and 4.2

·  Organization should also consider the products and services of an organization

·  This scope of the Quality Management System shall be available and be maintained as documented information.

·     4.4 QMS and its process

·        Organization shall establish, implement, maintain and continually improve the quality management system.

·        The organization shall determine the process needed for the QMS.

·        Organization shall determine inputs required and output expected from the process.

·        Organization shall determine and apply criteria and methods for monitoring and measurements needed to ensure effectively operation and control of the process.

·        Process documentation by organization and records.

·        Source of inputs, the receiver of outputs

·        Verification of appropriate criteria and method for operational control of the process.

·        Monitor process through objectives and performance indicators.

·        Various risks and opportunities.

5.0 Leadership

5.1 Leadership and commitment

5.1.1 General

·        An organization should promote risk-based thinking.

·        An organization should appoint the leader for QMS

·        Communicating the importance of QMS

·        Ensure that resource is available for effective implementation of QMS

·        Monitor that QMS achieves its results

·        Communicating benefits of QMS

5.1.2 Customer focus

·        Customer satisfaction records

·        Complaint documentation and trend

·        Market analysis(regarding the needs of customer)

·        Whether there is an understanding in the organization regarding the needs of the customer.

5.2.1 Establish the quality policy

·        Customer shall establish, implement and maintain the records of documented information  of the quality policy

5.2.2 Communication of quality policy

·        It shall be available in the clinic

·        It shall be maintained as document

·        Mechanism of communication of quality policy to the employees- Training and notices and evidence.

5.3 Organization roles and responsibilities

·        Define an individual role for each department and make them a responsible person for their respected departments. Also, give authority to respective departments to report the performance of QMS and any opportunities for improvement

6.0 Planning(6.1;6.2;6.3)

·        Here customer shall determine are there any risks to achieve the intended quality.

·        Customer should determine how are risks evaluated and determine and managed?

·        When planning how to achieve QMS clinic shall determine what will be done; what resources will be required; Who will be responsible; When it will be finished; How results are evaluated?

·        Mechanism of communication with employees

·        SMART Objectives.

·        If there is any change organization shall consider its purpose and availability of resources.

7.0 Support(7.1.1;7.1.2;7.1.3;7.1.4;7.1.5.1;7.1.5.2;7.1.6;7.2;7.3;7.4;7.5)

·      The organization shall provide resource needed for the establishment and continuous improvement of the quality system.

·        Housekeeping

·        The organization shall provide effectively man-power.

·      The organization shall provide effectively infrastructure for the operation of QMS.

·        The organization should follow the maintenance practices

·        Organization shall provide good and effective environment to work for effective cms

·        What are the monitoring and measuring equipment and resources used for conformity of the products.

·        Test certificates record

·        Calibration list,records,details,certificates.

·        How knowledge is shared in the clinic

·        How the organization is encouraging them employees to acquire knowledge through internal and external sources?

·        How organization safeguards from knowledge loss( retirement or leave of staff)

·        Each and every person in an organization must be aware of quality policies.

·        Various training given in the clinic

·        Skill matrix chart of employees

·        Various list of training

·        Organization shall determine competency level of their staff.

·        Mode of communication relevant to QMS in the organization(Clinic)

·        Documented information shall be maintained and retained as per dentist manual.

·        While creating and updating the organization shall consider reference no and title name on the document and its format

·        Documented information shall be available when needed to all the interested parties and staff.

·        Documented information shall be protected

·        Availability of relevant documents

·        Documents identification

·        Records retention and preservation and disposition

·        The system who is responsible to control documents

8.0 Operation(8.1;8.2;8.3;8.4;8.5;8.6;8.7)

·        Availability of all quality plans

·        Project development schedules

·        Outsource process and control

·        Actions for addressing risks and opportunities in the process of cms

·        Resource availability

·        List of appointments

·        Appointments records

·        Outsourcing of any appointment

·        Customer survey and report of customer visit

·        Customer feedback and complaints

·        How communication is done when things are not going well

·        Customer communication

·        Customer-specific enquiries

·        Legal requirements of products

·        Records on any discussion with a customer

·        Any customer request changes

·        Appointment confirmation to the customers and from the customers

·        Organization shall maintain any new a requirement of the services and products

·        Organization shall ensure that it can fulfil customer requirements

·        Organization shall have approved list of it is suppliers

·        Supplier selection, evaluation and criteria

·        Evidence of supplier evaluation

·        Organization shall retain documents of evaluation and selection criteria and list of approved suppliers

·        Incoming inspection of material and its verification records

·        Test records of suppliers and all equipment’s

·        The potential impact on the organization if suppliers do not conform to their requirements

·        Acceptance criteria of inward material

·        List of purchase orders and PO approvals

·        PO in terms of commercial and technical

·        Availability of all documented procedures

·        Maintenance schedules

·        Process validation records

·        Qualification of personnel and equipment and method

·        Availability of suitable infra and environment

·        How the organization takes care of all the customer properties?

·        System of identifying and protecting and safeguarding customers property

·        When customer property is lost the organization shall inform it to the customer and retain documented information on what has occurred?

·        Methods of handling

·        Organization shall preserve outputs during the production and service provision.

·        Organization shall ensure that outputs that do not conform to their requirements are identified and controlled to prevent their unintended use

·        Organization shall retain documented information that describes actions taken and non-conformity

·        Any type of retreatment

·        Obtaining signs from the customer for any treatments

9.0 Performance evaluation(9.1;9.2;9.3)

·        Methods and monitoring and analysis of the process and QMS

·        Monitoring results

·        Customer satisfaction analysis

·        Customer survey

·        Lost business analysis

·        Customer feedbacks

·        Conformity of services

·        Conduct an internal audit

·        Management reviews and inputs and outputs

·        Frequency and records of management meetings

·        Business plans

·        Any improvements in QMS

10.0  Improvement(10.1;10.2;10.3)

·        Ways to improve process performance

·        System approach to identify root causes

                                   

                                 

 ©

Kaushik